Galectin-3 in Renal Pathology: More Than Just an Innocent Bystander.

BACKGROUND Galectin-3 is a member of a closely related lectin family, which is detected in several vertebrate epithelial and myeloid cell types. This beta-galactoside-binding soluble protein plays an important role in multiple biological processes. Depending on its location, type of injury or site of damage, the effects by galectin-3 can be various and sometimes contrasting. SUMMARY In this review, we discuss the general characteristics and functions of galectin-3. More specifically, we focus on the role of galectin-3 in the onset and development of diabetic and non-diabetic nephropathies. Finally, the therapeutic potential of anti-galectin-3 inhibitors is discussed. KEY MESSAGES Due to its multifunctional character, galectin-3 plays a pivotal role in interstitial fibrosis and progression of chronic kidney disease. Inhibition of galectin-3 may be a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent end-stage renal disease.